Patterns of utilisation of motorcycle taxis in rural Kenya: a study of rongo sub-county, migori county

Abstract

The utilisation of motorcycle taxis (MTs) as a public transport mode has increased significantly in many countries. Whereas this sharp rise has somewhat eased public transport challenges in rural Kenya, it appears to be fraught with challenges. This complex paradox has brought forth contestations and (re)negotiation of public opinion on Kenya’s public policies. Muted in this discourse isthe social actors’ role as an integral cog. Authorities must adopt a micro perspective by better understanding patterns of utilisation of MTs before formulating or implementing policies to avoid complications and redundancy in the existing public transportation structure. This study analyses patterns of utilisation of MTs in rural Kenya, focusing on the Rongo subcounty in Migori County. Specific objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of utilisation of MTs; assess the social characteristics of MT users, and examine the drivers of MT use. Rational choice theory, which informed the conceptual framework, guided the study. This study took a mixed-methods approach, whereby both qualitative and quantitative data were used, employing a descriptive cross-sectional survey design complemented by observation and a desk review. The study sample size was 395 household heads drawn from a population of 29,087. The sample was selected through multi-stage and systematic sampling techniques. Data from main respondents were complemented by information from 10 key informants who were purposively selected. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Data collection tools were subjected to validity and reliability tests before being applied. Quantitative data were presented in tables and bar charts after being analysed using descriptive statistics such as averages and percentages. Inferential statistics such as regression analysis were applied to measure the relationship between variables. Qualitative data were analysed thematically, presented as narratives. The study found that frequency of utilisation of MTs is high in the study area. Approximately two-thirds (68.8%) of respondents reported using MTs daily. Most MT trips were over short distances, with some respondents using MTs for non-essential travel over short distances that could be travelled on foot. The satisfaction level with MT was slightly above average, with approximately two-thirds (60.9%) of respondents either satisfied or very satisfied. Despite prevalence of use and satisfaction, most respondents raised safety concerns. Respondents aged 41-50 years (55.8%); those with post-secondary education (55.2%); those married (83.1%); those employed in public sector (55.1%); those earning less than Kshs. 10,000 monthly (68.6%) and those without cars (90.9%) were more likely to utilise MTs. However, there was no significant difference in MT utilisation about gender and motorcycles owned. Timesaving was the key driver for MT utilisation. The study concludes that prevalence of utilisation of MTs is high, even for non-essential short distance travel; some population segments utilise MTs more than their counterparts, and timesaving was the most crucial driver in the study area. It recommends strengthening MT sector safety regulations; sensitising MT users on its safety and health issues, focusing on population segments more likely to utilise MTs; and sensitising public and MT riders on time management.