Journal Articles
http://repository.rongovarsity.ac.ke/handle/123456789/7
2024-03-29T00:08:07ZNutrient composition of Sorghum-Based Rations and their effect on growth of Improved Indigenous Chicken in Western Kenya
http://repository.rongovarsity.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2549
Nutrient composition of Sorghum-Based Rations and their effect on growth of Improved Indigenous Chicken in Western Kenya
Kiptui, Brenda Jemutai; Mewa, Eunice Akello; Rachuonyo, Harold Anindo; Were, Beatrice Ang’iyo; Gudu, Samuel
Improved indigenous chicken contribute to the nutrition of farmers in rural
communities. The use of maize as an energy source in chicken diets is becoming
unacceptable due to competition from humans, resulting in high feed costs.
Alternative energy sources like low-tannin sorghum can be grown in Western
Kenya. The objective of the study was to determine the nutrient composition of
sorghum-based diets and the growth of improved indigenous chicken in Busia
and Siaya Counties. Dietary treatments consisted of 50% (T1), 75% (T2)
sorghum inclusion, and control (commercial diet) (T3). Farmers on semi-
intensive were provided dietary treatments, and free-range (T4) was not
provided. Feed samples were subjected to laboratory analysis for proximate
composition, amino acids, and tannin content. Growth characteristics were
collected biweekly. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and then means
that differed significantly were separated using Tukey’s test in Genstat 14th
edition. For proximate composition, dry matter was significantly (p<0.05) higher
in T2 (91.9%) and T3 (92.1%) compared to T1 (91.4%). Crude fat was
significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 (9.54%) than in T1 (6.84%) and T3 (6.57%).
The crude fibre was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T3 (14.3%) compared to T1
(3.37%) and T2 (3.62%). Crude protein was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2
(15.8%) and T1 (15.2%) compared to T3 (12.6%). Metabolizable energy was
significantly (p<0.05) lower in T3 (2723 Kcal/Kg) compared to T1 (3569
Kcal/Kg) and T2 (3684 Kcal/Kg). Amino acids (lysine, methionine, cysteine,
and tryptophan) content in diets T2 and T3 were significantly (p<0.05) higher
than T1. The tannin content of the sorghum variety C26 was 1.24%. T1 had a
significantly high (p<0.05) mean final weight (970 g), body weight gain (804 g),
daily weight gain (14.4 g), and feed conversion ratio (5.57). Mortality was
highest at T4 (17.1%). It was concluded that the inclusion of 50% low tannin
sorghum meets chicken feed nutritional requirements and is best for growth
performance. The study recommended that farmers rearing chicken should plant
low tannin sorghum to be utilized as feed ingredient to cut the cost of production.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZHarnessing the economic value of indigenous knowledge in Kenya: a qualitative review of the legal framework
http://repository.rongovarsity.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2548
Harnessing the economic value of indigenous knowledge in Kenya: a qualitative review of the legal framework
Nakitare, Joel; Otike, Fredrick; Mureithi, Lydiah
Abstract
Purpose – Commercial entities have recently expressed growing interest in commercialising indigenous
knowledge (IK) due to its enormous economic and intrinsic value. As this happens, custodial communities
must not be disadvantaged in the process. This paper aims to understand the legal framework of the
commercialisation of IK to identify the opportunities and factors impeding or affecting the commercialisation
of indigenous knowledge in Kenya.
Design/methodology/approach – The study used a qualitative research approach. An extensive
exploratory literature review of existing legal instruments was done to establish the progress and gaps for
commercialising indigenous knowledge in Kenya.
Findings – The study shows that the legal framework of IK in Kenya is inadequate. There are no wellestablished frameworks and policies to protect IK in Kenya, and thus, host communities are subjected to
exploitation. The diversity of tribes and communities makes it challenging to have a clear framework, mainly
because IK is a devolved function. The study identifies the Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Cultural
Expressions Act 2016, The National Museums and Heritage Act 2006 and the Natural Products Industry as
the key milestones towards commercialisation of IK, while inadequate documentation of IK, communal
ownership and inadequate legislation were identified as the main impediments to commercialisation of IK in
Kenya.
Research limitations/implications – Owing to the diverse cultures and tribal communities in Kenya,
the research could not access all the literature on all traditional IK in Kenya, and very few case studies have
been conducted in Kenya.
Practical implications – The gaps identified in the legal framework can form a basis for legislation,
policy change, actions and research needed to improve the commercialisation of IK.
Originality/value – The paper underscores the importance of balancing economic empowerment with
preserving cultural integrity and protecting indigenous rights in commercialisation.
2024-01-14T00:00:00ZGender and advertising in Kenyan print newspaper: a study of the daily nation newspaper.
http://repository.rongovarsity.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2547
Gender and advertising in Kenyan print newspaper: a study of the daily nation newspaper.
Otieno, Millicent Awuor
Beyond promoting products and services, advertisements possess the capacity to influence perceptions,
convictions, and attitudes. Advertisements possess the potential to reflect or shape societal norms, thus
portraying various groups in manners that either empower or diminish them. This study thus sought to
establish portrayal of females and males in Kenyan print newspapers. The study established that in Kenyan
print newspaper advertising, gender roles are depicted in an empowering manner, effectively challenging
established gender stereotypes. Through a case study and content analysis of a census of
advertisements in the Nation Newspaper between January and April 2023.The study ascertained that
the gender ratio in advertisements is nearly balanced, albeit slightly favoring males. Additionally, a notable
underrepresentation of children and the elderly is evident within these advertisements, suggesting
discriminatory tendencies. The advertisements embodied the phenomenon of femvertising, whereby females
not only endorse food and household items, but also technology, insurance companies, and financial
institutions as authoritative figures and consumers. In contrast, a larger proportion of males are depicted as
product authorities. The concept of dadvertising emerges as males are portrayed nurturing their children's
education within advertisements for insurance products. Traditional female roles are perpetuated through
exclusive female representation in advertisements for food, clothing, and household products. While the
prevalence of objectifying a female body is limited to a singular instance, this study recommends complete
eradication of such objectification due to its violation of female dignity. It is further suggested to advertisers
and newspaper editors that both genders should partake in the promotion of food and household products
so as to actively challenge the prevailing gender stereotypes. A call is also made for an equitable
representation of males, females in advertisements, to accurately mirror the authentic composition of society.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZDemographic Factors affecting Dual Contraception Preference among Seropositive Women in Discordant Relationships in Nyatike Sub-County, Kenya
http://repository.rongovarsity.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2545
Demographic Factors affecting Dual Contraception Preference among Seropositive Women in Discordant Relationships in Nyatike Sub-County, Kenya
Ouma, Mark O. K.; Ong’anyi, Paul O.
Dual contraception is an effective strategy of achieving zero HIV transmission and unwanted pregnancy
among discordant couples. Despite the double benefit, dual contraception use is still limited among
seropositive women particularly in Nyatike Sub County, Kenya. Further, no research had been done on
dual contraception preference or use among discordant couples in Nyatike Sub County. To fill this gap,
this study aimed to establish the relationship between socio-demographic factors including age, parity,
level of education, monthly income and dual contraception preference among seropositive women in
discordant marital relationships in Nyatike Sub- County of Migori County, Kenya. This was a facility-based
cross-sectional study in fourteen health facilities in Nyatike Sub- County. It involved 188 randomly sampled
seropositive women in discordant marital relationships, 14 seronegative men randomly sampled and 14
healthcare providers. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data while
qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study revealed that Parity (p=.001), level of
education (p=.003) and monthly income (p=.026) were statistically significantly associated with dual
contraception preference while age (p=.051) was not. The study recommends sensitization of seropositive
women on the benefits of dual contraception to increase uptake of dual contraception.
2024-01-01T00:00:00Z